What is Panax Quinquefolius used as?
Panax quinquefolius Extract can be uesed as medicine,food additive,health food supplement.
Panax quinquefolius Extract is extracted from the root, the root active ingredients Ginseng saponin extract solvent Ethanol The underground and above ground parts of ginseng contain a variety of physiologically active ingredients, including ginseng saponin, which is mainly a tri-terminal compound, similar to ginseng saponin in structure. Other components are volatile oil, polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids. Botanicals, amino acids, flute alcohols, flavonoids, vitamins, trace elements and so on. Ginseng saponin is the main active ingredient in American ginseng, and also the most physiologically active substance. Ginseng saponins can be categorized into three major groups, Rb group including Ra0, Ral, Raz, Ra3, Rbl, R2, Rb3, Rc, Rd, and Rg group including Re, Rgl, Rg2, Rg3, Rhl, Rh2 and RO group. Among them, ginseng diol, ginsenotriol and oleanolic acid were the first components, and the physiological activities of Rb and Ro groups were stronger, while the activities of RO group were weaker.
American Ginseng polysaccharide can induce endogenous tumor necrosis factor (TNF), which has killing and inhibiting effects on tumor cells, and enhances and activates positive body immune function.
1.Immunomodulation
Radix Panax Ginseng Saponariae (extracted from the stem and leaves of Radix Panax quinquefolium) can restore the decrease of PLT, WBC, RBC and Hb, and the weight of immune organs in immunosuppressed mice, reduce the delayed-acting hypersensitivity caused by 2,4-D, promote the metabolism of peritoneal macrophage, enhance the phagocytosis function of macrophage, and induce macrophage production of NO, increase the conversion rate of splenic lymphocytes and the lymphocyte turnover index in mice. The results showed that Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng Saponariae could improve the phagocytosis of macrophages in immunosuppressed mice, and enhance the cellular and humoral immunity of mice.
Ginseng stem and leaf saponin significantly enhanced the functions of T and B lymphocytes.
Radix Panax ginseng stem and leaf saponin can directly act on the differentiation and maturation process of lymphocytes, which has the effect of enhancing and regulating the immune function of CPHD patients.
Clinical observation of Panax ginseng stem and leaf saponin (POS), thymus skin, and control group showed that POS and thymus skin had immune-enhancing and immune-regulating effects. They can enhance the transformation of T-lymphocytes, thereby improving the body's ability to resist infection and virus, and improve the function of lymphocytes themselves by improving the hypoxic state of the body's cells.
Ginseng stem and leaf saponin can synergize with ConA to promote the proliferation of mouse card cells in vitro and in vivo: synergize with ConA to enhance the ability of mouse card T cells to produce lymphokines; significantly enhance the activity of mouse spleen NKC; Ginseng leaf saponin in vivo can also enhance the proliferation of LPS-stimulated splenocyte cells; increase the ability of mice to respond to the thymus-dependent biochemical antigens (SRBC) with the primary antibody.
Ginsenoside Rg1 and Re are immunomodulatory through the TLR4 (a key receptor for bacterial endotoxin that produces acute inflammatory effects) signaling pathway Rq1 and Re compete with bacterial endotoxin (LPS), disrupting the binding of bacterial endotoxin (LPS) to the TLR4 receptor and producing antibacterial endotoxin effects.
Ginsenoside Rq1 inhibits the production of specific inflammatory molecules and innate immune response181 and enhances the immune response of Th1 and Th2 cells.
2、Protective effect on lung tissue
Ginsenoside Rb3 exerts a protective effect against cigarette smoke extract-induced cellular damage by inhibiting the p38 MAPK/NF-KB and TGF-B1/ VEGF pathways in fibroblasts and epithelial cells.
Ginsenoside Rb1 has the effect of scavenging free radicals from virus-induced lung injury tissues and protects against oxidative damage to lung tissues caused by free radicals.
Ginseng saponin Rg1 may resist wild lily alkaloid-induced pulmonary hypertension by promoting NO production[16]. Ginsenoside Rg1 significantly reduced the serum levels of IL-6, IL-1B, TNF-a and MDA, and increased SOD activity, also significantly inhibited NF-KBp65 and COX-2 in lung tissues, and attenuated lipopolysaccharide permeation-induced small acute lung injury.
Ginsenoside Re pretreatment can play a protective role against intestinal ischemia/reperfusion-induced lung injury by improving the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity of the body.
Ginsenoside Rb3 exerts a protective effect against cigarette smoke extract-induced cellular damage by inhibiting the p38 MAPK/NF-KB and TGF-B1/ VEGF pathways in fibroblasts and epithelial cells.
Ginsenoside Rb1 has the effect of scavenging free radicals from virus-induced lung injury tissues and protects against oxidative damage to lung tissues caused by free radicals.
Ginseng saponin Rg1 may resist wild lily alkaloid-induced pulmonary hypertension by promoting NO production[16]. Ginsenoside Rg1 significantly reduced the serum levels of IL-6, IL-1B, TNF-a and MDA, and increased SOD activity, also significantly inhibited NF-KBp65 and COX-2 in lung tissues, and attenuated lipopolysaccharide permeation-induced small acute lung injury.
Ginsenoside Re pretreatment can play a protective role against intestinal ischemia/reperfusion-induced lung injury by improving the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity of the body.
